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Cu siguran\u021b\u0103 am auzit to\u021bi la un moment dat de Thanksgiving Day sau, \u00een rom\u00e2n\u0103, Ziua Recuno\u0219tin\u021bei. Totu\u0219i, mul\u021bi dintre noi nu se \u00eentreab\u0103 care este povestea din spatele acestei s\u0103rb\u0103tori nord-americane.<\/p>\n
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\u00cen mare, Thanksgiving Day este o s\u0103rb\u0103toare anual\u0103, de o zi, \u00een care oamenii \u00ee\u0219i exprim\u0103 aprecierea pentru recolta bogat\u0103 din acel an, \u00eens\u0103 aceast\u0103 tradi\u021bie are \u0219i o istorie foarte interesant\u0103.<\/p>\n
Thanksgiving Day, cunoscut\u0103 \u0219i sub numele de Ziua Curcanului sau Ziua Recuno\u0219tin\u021bei, \u00ee\u0219i are originile \u00een colonia Plymouth, \u00een actualul stat Massachusetts. \u00cen luna septembrie a anului 1620, o nav\u0103 mic\u0103 numit\u0103 Mayflower a p\u0103r\u0103sit Plymouth, Anglia, transport\u00e2nd 102 pasageri – un sortiment de separati\u0219ti religio\u0219i care c\u0103utau o nou\u0103 cas\u0103 \u00een care s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i poat\u0103 practica liber credin\u021ba \u0219i al\u021bi indivizi atra\u0219i de promisiunea propriet\u0103\u021bii p\u0103m\u00e2ntului \u00een \u201cLumea Nou\u0103\u201d.<\/p>\n
\u00a0Dup\u0103 o traversare incomod\u0103 a oceanului, de 66 de zile, au aruncat ancora \u00een apropierea lui Cape Cod, mult la nord de destina\u021bia lor, r\u00e2ul Hudson. O lun\u0103 mai t\u00e2rziu, Mayflower a traversat Golful Massachusetts, unde Pelerinii (Pilgrims, \u00een englez\u0103) – a\u0219a cum sunt cunoscu\u021bi \u00een ziua de azi – au \u00eentemeiat un sat pe care l-au numit tot Plymouth.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00cen prima iarn\u0103, mul\u021bi coloni\u0219ti au murit din cauza bolilor contagioase – doar jum\u0103tate au supravie\u021buit. \u00cen martie, cei r\u0103ma\u0219i au fost \u00eent\u00e2mpina\u021bi pe \u021b\u0103rm de un membru al tribului Abenaki.<\/p>\n
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C\u00e2teva zile mai t\u00e2rziu, acesta a revenit cu Squanto, un nativ american din tribul Pawtuxet, care i-a \u00eenv\u0103\u021bat pe coloni\u0219ti cum s\u0103 cultive porumb, s\u0103 pescuiasc\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 evite plantele otr\u0103vitoare. De asemenea, el a contribuit la formarea unei alian\u021be cu tribul Wampanoag, care a durat peste 50 de ani.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00cen noiembrie 1621, dup\u0103 o recolt\u0103 bogat\u0103, guvernatorul William Bradford a organizat o s\u0103rb\u0103toare de trei zile la care i-a invitat \u0219i pe alia\u021bii nativi, considerat\u0103 prima Zi a Recuno\u0219tin\u021bei. Evenimentul a fost descris de cronicarul Edward Winslow:<\/p>\n
\u201cOur harvest being gotten in, our governor sent four men on fowling, that so we might after a special manner rejoice together, […] many of the Indians coming amongst us, and amongst the rest their greatest king Massasoit, with some ninety men, whom for three days we entertained and feasted, and they went out and killed five Deer […]. And although it be not always so plentiful, as it was at this time with us, yet by the goodness of God, we are so far from want, that we often wish you partakers of our plenty.”<\/p>\n
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Aceast\u0103 celebrare a marcat \u00eenceputul unei tradi\u021bii ce avea s\u0103 devin\u0103 mai t\u00e2rziu o s\u0103rb\u0103toare na\u021bional\u0103.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00cen timpul Revolu\u021biei americane, Congresul Continental a desemnat mai multe zile de mul\u021bumire pe an. \u00cen 1789, George Washington a emis prima proclama\u021bie na\u021bional\u0103 de Ziua Recuno\u0219tin\u021bei, invit\u00e2nd americanii s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i exprime gratitudinea pentru \u00eencheierea r\u0103zboiului de independen\u021b\u0103 \u0219i ratificarea Constitu\u021biei SUA. Succesorii s\u0103i, John Adams \u0219i James Madison, au continuat aceast\u0103 tradi\u021bie.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00cen 1817, New York a devenit primul stat care a adoptat oficial Thanksgiving ca s\u0103rb\u0103toare anual\u0103. Totu\u0219i, fiecare stat alegea o zi diferit\u0103, iar sudul Americii era \u00eenc\u0103 nefamiliarizat cu aceast\u0103 tradi\u021bie.<\/p>\n
Zece ani mai t\u00e2rziu, Sarah J. Hale, editor de reviste \u0219i scriitoare, a lansat o campanie pentru instituirea Zilei Recuno\u0219tin\u021bei ca s\u0103rb\u0103toare na\u021bional\u0103. Timp de 36 de ani, a publicat numeroase editoriale \u0219i a trimis zeci de scrisori guvernatorilor, senatorilor \u0219i pre\u0219edin\u021bilor, c\u00e2\u0219tig\u00e2ndu-\u0219i astfel porecla de \u201cMama Zilei Recuno\u0219tin\u021bei\u201d.<\/p>\n
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\u00cen 1863, Abraham Lincoln a acceptat cererea ei, proclam\u00e2nd o zi de recuno\u0219tin\u021b\u0103 \u00een mijlocul R\u0103zboiului Civil, rug\u00e2ndu-i pe americani s\u0103 se roage lui Dumnezeu pentru cei afecta\u021bi de conflict \u0219i s\u0103 \u201cvindece r\u0103nile na\u021biunii\u201d. Lincoln a stabilit ziua pentru ultima joi din noiembrie, iar aceasta a fost s\u0103rb\u0103torit\u0103 anual p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 1939, c\u00e2nd Franklin D. Roosevelt a devansat s\u0103rb\u0103toarea cu o s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103, pentru a stimula v\u00e2nz\u0103rile \u00een timpul Marii Depresiuni. Planul, numit \u201cFranksgiving\u201d, nu a fost bine primit, iar \u00een 1941, Roosevelt a semnat un proiect de lege, stabilind Ziua Recuno\u0219tin\u021bei pentru a patra joi din noiembrie.<\/p>\n
\u00a0Din acel moment p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een prezent, Thanksgiving Day a r\u0103mas una dintre cele mai iubite s\u0103rb\u0103tori din Statele Unite \u0219i Canada. Este o ocazie special\u0103 pentru familii \u0219i prieteni de a se reuni, de a-\u0219i exprima recuno\u0219tin\u021ba \u0219i de a celebra \u00eempreun\u0103 prin mese festive \u0219i tradi\u021bii \u00eendelung p\u0103strate.<\/p>\n
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\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Cu siguran\u021b\u0103 am auzit to\u021bi la un moment dat de Thanksgiving Day sau, \u00een rom\u00e2n\u0103, Ziua Recuno\u0219tin\u021bei. Totu\u0219i, mul\u021bi dintre noi nu se \u00eentreab\u0103 care este povestea din spatele acestei s\u0103rb\u0103tori nord-americane. \u00cen mare, Thanksgiving Day este o s\u0103rb\u0103toare anual\u0103, de o zi, \u00een care oamenii \u00ee\u0219i exprim\u0103 aprecierea pentru recolta bogat\u0103…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":99,"featured_media":6371,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1307],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6363","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-prin-istorie"],"yoast_head":"\n